DIKÉ 2025/2.

Szerző: Surjányi Dávid 
Pécsi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kar 2025

A cikk angol nyelvű.

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Islamic legal history presents us an astounding notion for shahīds (those who die for the cause for Islam), something that is in clear distinction between the Jewish or Christian concept of a martyr. Whereas Judeo-Christian tradition highlights individuals who bore witness to their faith and moral convictions even unto death, Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) conceptualizes martyrdom primarily within the framework of the laws of warfare, military jihād to be precise. As a more politicized and more militarized concept, shahāda (“bearing witness”) in Islam became not only the focus of the international community, but also that of Muslim internal legal and theological debates. The reason for this is that by the second half of the 20th century, the notion of military self-sacrifice became interwoven with suicide attacks. Since suicide is a sin in Islam, adjustments in fiqh had to be made in the modern context to justify such actions (that are usually labelled as terrorism outside the Muslim world). This required Sunnī Islam to incorporate certain elements of Shīʿī traditions, as the ethos of martyrdom (even with the involvement of suicide) was developed and glorified in several sects of the Shīʿa. The bridge between the two main branches of Islam became the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which served fundamentalists and jihādists their legal and theological reasoning for those new forms of attacks that not only shook the Western world, but caused severe division among Muslims as well.

A részletes adatlapot a képre vagy a címre kattintva érheti el.

Ingyenesen letölthető, open access kiadvány

Elolvasom/letöltöm (pdf)

Szerző: Ruff Tibor 
Pécsi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kar 2025

A cikk angol nyelvű.

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This paper examines the interpretative framework within the principle of the protection of life in Jewish law since the Maccabean wars, has been put into practice. The principle, which covered not only the imminent danger to one’s life but also the protection of health, provides insights into the internal hierarchical order of the commandments, the relationship between the written Torah and the oral Torah, the relationship of Jesus to the oral Doctrine, and the factors that shaped Jewish tradition in Jesus’ era and in the centuries leading up to the compilation of the Talmud.

A részletes adatlapot a képre vagy a címre kattintva érheti el.

Ingyenesen letölthető, open access kiadvány

Elolvasom/letöltöm (pdf)

Szerző: Falus Orsolya
Pécsi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kar 2025

Az eredeti nyelvű leírás hiányzik.

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Islam was the latest of the Abrahamic religions to develop its mystical branch, Sufism, and therefore did not precede that of the other two religions. Elements of mysticism had appeared much earlier in Judaism and Christianity. The Jewish Kabbalah flourished among Eastern Jewry under Muslim rule. The anti-heretical, orthodox teachings of Sufism, as exemplified in the works of al-Ghazali and al-Arabi, show noticeable parallels with the writings of the Jew Abraham Maimonides. Although the pursuit of complete union with God, as well as the teachings of self-surrender and asceticism, appeared in earlier centuries of Christianity, it was during the heyday of Sufism, in the 13th and 14th centuries, in the works of Meister Eckhart, that these related teachings appeared most strikingly. The aim of this study is to compare the mystical trends of the three Abrahamic religions and their natural law aspects using the method of source analysis, focusing primarily on the period when all three flourished, side by side, and in interaction with each other.

A részletes adatlapot a képre vagy a címre kattintva érheti el.

Ingyenesen letölthető, open access kiadvány

Elolvasom/letöltöm (pdf)

Szerző: Lehotay Veronika, Pauló Tamás Mihály
Pécsi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kar 2025

Az eredeti nyelvű leírás hiányzik.

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The aim of this study is to present and interpret the criminal law thinking of Pál Angyal from both historical and theoretical perspectives, with particular emphasis on the issue of the protection of life. As a prominent figure in early 20th-century Hungarian legal scholarship, Angyal examined numerous aspects of the criminal law protection of human life, including homicide, infanticide, participation in suicide, and euthanasia. At the core of his approach lies the inalienability of the right to life and the state’s duty to protect it – principles that remain relevant today. The right to life, as reflected in Angyal’s works, is closely intertwined with the dilemma between law and morality, a tension that is also addressed in this study.

A részletes adatlapot a képre vagy a címre kattintva érheti el.

Ingyenesen letölthető, open access kiadvány

Elolvasom/letöltöm (pdf)

Szerző: Niklai Patrícia Dominika
Pécsi Tudományegyetem Állam- és Jogtudományi Kar 2025

Az eredeti nyelvű leírás hiányzik.

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The aim of the study is to uncover the operation of the Israelite school of Pécs between 1852 and 1948, which played an important role in the social integration of Jews while preserving their traditions. A legal historical approach reveals the evolution of the school’s organisation, the number and denominational affiliation of its students, the professional work of its teachers, the changes in the subjects taught in accordance with the ideology of the eras, as well as the relationship with central and local Jewish and secular authorities. The research is based primarily on archival and contemporary sources.

A részletes adatlapot a képre vagy a címre kattintva érheti el.

Ingyenesen letölthető, open access kiadvány

Elolvasom/letöltöm (pdf)